Izbrane teme sodobne fizike in matematike
V članku je poudarjena povezava med fizikalnim in biološkim razumevanjem umetnih nevronov in nevromorfnega učenja. Predstavljen je Hodgkin-Huxleyev model akcijskega potenciala, faznih portretov bistabilnih in monostabilnih nevronov ter matematičnega koncepta nevrona. Opisano je tudi področje bioelektronike, njenih uporov s spominom, polimerov z ionskim gelom in umetno zgrajenih nevronov, ki so na primer sposobni spreminjati živčne impulze miši. Na koncu je predstavljen še nevromorfni računalnik, njegova zgodovina in poskusi.
In this article, the connection between the physical and biological understanding of artificial neurons and neuromorphic learning is highlighted. The Hodgkin–Huxley model of the action potential, the phase portraits of bistable and monostable neurons, and the mathematical concept of the neuron are presented. The field of bioelectronics is also described — its memristors, ionic-gel polymers, and artificially constructed neurons that, for example, are capable of modulating muscle nerve impulses in mice. Finally, the neuromorphic computer, its history, and various experimental efforts are introduced.