Izbrane teme sodobne fizike in matematike
Predstavljen je pojav Bose-Einsteinove kondenzacije magnonov v magnetnih izolatorjih. Najprej je razložena Bose-Einsteinova kondenzacija neinteragirajočih bozonov, nato so v obravnavo vključeni še šibko interagirajoči bozonski sistemi. V nadaljevanju je predstavljena preslikava med bozonskimi in spinskimi sistemi, ki nam omogoča poenostavljeno obravnavo Bose-Einsteinove kondenzacije magnonov v kvantnih antiferomagnetih. Na koncu so opisane najpogosteje uporabljane eksperimentalne tehnike za preučevanje pojava.
The concept of Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons in magnetic insulators is presented. First, Bose- Einstein condensation of non-interacting bosons is described, after which weakly interacting bosonic systems are considered as well. A mapping between bosonic and spin systems is described next, which allows for a simplified analysis of Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons in quantum antiferromagnets. Finally, most commonly used experimental techniques are presented.