Ekstremni tlaki

Preučevanje ekstremnih tlakov je pomembno za razumevanje snovi, planetov, zvezd in njihovih lastnosti. Presenetljive napovedi teoretičnih modelov, razvitih v ta namen, sta na primer superprevodnost vodika in prosojnost natrija, kar so znanstveniki tudi eksperimentalno potrdili. Visoke tlake se lahko eksperimentalno preučuje s celico z diamantnimi nakovali, ki prinaša statične tlake do okoli 600 GPa, ali z laserskimi metodami, in sicer sunkovno ali postopno kompresijo, s katerima se lahko dosega tlake tudi do 5 TPa. Z laserji je mogoče sprožiti implozijo, ki doseže tlake nad 10-100 TPa. Pri slednjih pristopih je težja pridobitev in obdelava podatkov, saj eksperimenti trajajo le nekaj nanosekund.

Extreme pressures

Studying extreme pressures is important for understanding the interior of planets and stars. Theoretical models have long predicted the superconductivity of hydrogen and transparency of sodium at high pressures, which has been confirmed experimentally. High pressure experiments include diamond anvil cells, which can reach pressures up to around 600 GPa, and laser methods such as shock compression and ramp compression, which can reach pressures up to 5 TPa. Using lasers, implosion can be triggered, which can result in pressures above 10-100 TPa. Laser experiments last only a few nanoseconds, which makes data acquisition and analysis difficult.