Kriptografija v financah: Kako matematika ščiti bitcoin?

Bitcoin je decentraliziran digitalni denar, ki temelji na naprednih kriptografskih mehanizmih, kot so zgoščevalne funkcije in digitalni podpisi. S pomočjo teh mehanizmov se zagotavlja varnost in zanesljivost transakcij. Članek predstavi osnovne kriptografske temelje Bitcoina, vključno z uporabo funkcije SHA-256 za zaščito integritete podatkov in ECDSA za preverjanje lastništva. Prav tako preuči omrežno arhitekturo Bitcoina, ki temelji na sistemu P2P, in postopek rudarjenja, ki zagotavlja potrjevanje transakcij ter varnost celotnega omrežja. Članek prav tako opiše igro rudarjenja, ki jo rudarji uporabljajo v tem konkurenčnem okolju.

Cryptography in finance: How does mathematics secure bitcoin?

Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency based on advanced cryptographic mechanisms such as hash functions and digital signatures. These mechanisms ensure the security and reliability of transactions. This article presents the basic cryptographic foundations of Bitcoin, including the use of the SHA-256 function to protect data integrity and ECDSA for verifying ownership. It also examines Bitcoin’s network architecture, which operates on a peer-to-peer (P2P) system, and the mining process, which ensures transaction validation and overall network security. Additionally, the paper discusses the mining game the miners play in this competitive environment.